Roma e Londra nel Risorgimento italiano. Mazzini, i protestanti e i cattolici

London and Rome in the Italian Risorgimento. Mazzini, protestants, catholics The author reconstructs the relationship between Britain and the Papal States in the Italian Risorgimento by highlighting the political-religious conflict in the face of the persistence of the Pope's temporal power. The Roman question took on a European relevance - according to the author - with the flight of Pius IX from Rome and the birth of the Republic in the face of which the British did not support the positions of Austria and France in defence of the Pope while calling on the republicans and Mazzini to commit themselves to maintaining the constitutional freedoms they had won against insurrectional violence. The conflict between the two states-underlines the author-continues in the 1950s while the few Roman Catholics fight in the parliament in the United Kingdom with a strong Anglican presence, to defend the choices of the Pope and at the same time a liberal leader like Gladstone, while criticising the institutional set-up of the Papal State, intends to dialogue with the Catholic world and the rulers of the State.